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--- william_the_conqueror [2024/05/09 07:04]
eziothekilla34 created
+++ william_the_conqueror [2024/05/13 07:15] (current)
eziothekilla34
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 William was born in 1028 in Falaise, Normandy, France.[([[https://www.biography.com/royalty/william-the-conqueror|biography]])]
+===== Son Of Robert I =====
+He was the illegitimate son of Robert I, Duke of Normandy, and Herleva, a tanner's daughter.[([[https://www.ped.muni.cz/weng/outline_of_english_fiction/terms/william_the_conqueror.html|ped]])]
+===== Original Name =====
+His original name was William the Bastard, before he became William the Conqueror.[([[https://www.royal.uk/william-the-conqueror|royal]])]
+===== Duke Of Normandy =====
+William became Duke of Normandy at the age of 7, following his father's death in 1035.[([[https://www.twinkl.com/teaching-wiki/william-duke-of-normandy|twinkl]])]
+===== Faced Challenges =====
+He faced numerous challenges to his rule during his early years, including rebellion from his barons.[([[https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zhrysk7|bbc]])]
+===== Imposing Stature =====
+William was known for his imposing physical stature, reportedly standing over 6 feet tall.[([[https://www.quora.com/Just-how-big-was-William-the-Conqueror|quora]])]
+===== Invaded England =====
+In 1066, William invaded England, leading to the famous Battle of Hastings on October 14, 1066.[([[https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/battle-of-hastings|history]])]
+===== Battle of Hastings =====
+He defeated King Harold II of England at the Battle of Hastings, securing his claim to the English throne.[([[https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/z9mw8hv|bbc]])]
+===== Last Succesful Invasion Of England =====
+William's victory at Hastings marked the last successful invasion of England to this day.[([[https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/learn/histories/1066-and-the-norman-conquest/|english-heritage]])]
+===== Coronation =====
+He was crowned King of England on Christmas Day, 1066, at Westminster Abbey.[([[https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/william-i-the-conqueror|westminster-abbey]])]
+===== Norman Conquest of England =====
+William initiated the Norman Conquest of England, which led to significant changes in English society, culture, and governance.[([[https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1323/the-impact-of-the-norman-conquest-of-england/|worldhistory]])]
+===== Feudalism In England =====
+The Norman Conquest introduced feudalism to England, with William redistributing land to his Norman followers.[([[https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/norman-conquest/|nationalgeographic]])]
+===== Domesday Book =====
+William commissioned the Domesday Book in 1085, a comprehensive survey of England's landholdings and wealth, to better administer his new kingdom.[([[https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/domesday-book/|nationalarchives]])]
+===== Royal Authority =====
+He strengthened royal authority in England by centralizing power and imposing his will on the English nobility.[([[https://www.britannica.com/place/United-Kingdom/The-sons-of-William-I|britannica]])]
+===== Numerous Rebellions =====
+William faced numerous rebellions during his reign, particularly in the north of England, which he brutally suppressed.[([[https://study.com/academy/lesson/william-the-conqueror-politics-and-art-in-the-dark-ages.html|study]])]
+===== Harrying of the North =====
+The Harrying of the North, a scorched-earth campaign in 1069-1070, devastated northern England and quelled resistance to Norman rule.[([[https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z87vdmn/revision/3|bbc]])]
+===== Danish Invasions =====
+Despite his conquest, William faced ongoing challenges to his rule, including Danish invasions and internal strife.[([[https://academic.oup.com/book/10313/chapter/158048323|oup]])]
+===== Construction Of Castles And Fortifications =====
+William's reign saw the construction of numerous castles and fortifications across England, including the Tower of London.[([[https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1323/the-impact-of-the-norman-conquest-of-england/|worldhistory]])]
+===== Closer Ties With England =====
+He fostered closer ties between England and Normandy, with many Norman nobles holding lands on both sides of the English Channel.[([[https://www.royal.uk/william-the-conqueror|royal]])]
+===== Matilda =====
+William's marriage to Matilda of Flanders produced four sons and six daughters, securing the succession of his dynasty.[([[https://kingsqueensandallthat.com/2021/07/30/matilda-of-flanders/|kingsqueensandallthat]])]
+===== Eldest Son =====
+His eldest son, Robert Curthose, succeeded him as Duke of Normandy, while his second son, William Rufus, became King of England.[([[https://kingsqueensandallthat.com/2021/07/30/matilda-of-flanders/|kingsqueensandallthat]])]
+===== Descendants Ruling England =====
+William's descendants would go on to rule England for several centuries, including the Plantagenet and Tudor dynasties.[([[https://www.quora.com/Has-there-been-a-British-monarch-not-descended-from-William-the-Conqueror|quora]])]
+===== Death =====
+He died on September 9, 1087, at the Priory of St Gervase near Rouen, France, from injuries sustained in a fall from his horse.[([[https://www.genealogieonline.nl/family-tree-cromer-russell-buck-pratt/P21705.php|genealogieonline]])]
+===== Body Burial =====
+William's body was buried at the Abbey of Saint-Étienne in Caen, Normandy, which he had founded.[([[https://normandygiteholidays.com/william-the-conqueror-and-his-abbey-church/|normandygiteholidays]])]
+===== Legend =====
+Legend has it that William's coffin burst open during his burial, leading to speculation about divine judgment for his conquest of England.[([[https://www.ancient-origins.net/history-famous-people/william-conqueror-0017143|ancient-origins]])]
+===== Complex Legacy =====
+William's legacy is complex, with some viewing him as a ruthless conqueror and others as a transformative figure in English history.[([[https://www.coursehero.com/file/232607985/Untitled-document-2docx/|coursehero]])]
+===== Fluent In French And Latin =====
+He was fluent in both Norman French and Latin, though he likely spoke little English.[([[https://www.quora.com/Was-William-the-Conqueror-French-or-English|quora]])]
+===== Cathedrals And Monasteries =====
+William encouraged the construction of cathedrals and monasteries in England, promoting Norman architectural styles.[([[https://www.nottinghamfreeschool.co.uk/data/uploads/homework/files/History_KOs/Normans_Unit_3_-_How_did_William_change_Church_Buildings.pdf|nottinghamfreeschool]])]
+===== Norman Military Tactics =====
+His reign saw the introduction of Norman military tactics and innovations to England, including the widespread use of cavalry.[([[https://www.albion-swords.com/articles/norman.htm|albion-swords]])]
+===== Royal Charter =====
+William granted the city of London a royal charter, laying the foundations for its future growth and importance.[([[https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/history-and-heritage/london-metropolitan-archives/collections/william-i-charter-to-the-city-of-london|cityoflondon]])]

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