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--- mary_wollstonecraft [2024/05/22 04:58]
eziothekilla34 created
+++ mary_wollstonecraft [2024/05/23 07:19] (current)
eziothekilla34
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 Mary Wollstonecraft was born on April 27, 1759, in Spitalfields, London, England.[([[https://eastendwomensmuseum.org/blog/2021/4/30/the-early-life-of-mary-wollstonecraft|eastendwomensmuseum]])]
+===== Family Background =====
+She was the second of seven children in her family.[([[https://crozieronstuff.com/wollstonecraft|crozieronstuff]])]
+===== Troubled Childhood =====
+Wollstonecraft's father was abusive, which led to a tumultuous and unstable childhood.[([[https://hist259.web.unc.edu/marywollstonecraft/|unc]])]
+===== Early Independence =====
+At the age of 19, she moved out of her family home to escape her father's abuse.[([[https://prism.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/11023/3917/1/ucalgary_2017_bell_janetclarke.pdf|ucalgary]])]
+===== Career Beginnings =====
+She initially worked as a lady’s companion, then as a schoolteacher and governess.[([[https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/wollstonecraft/|stanford]])]
+===== School Founder =====
+ In 1784, she helped found a school in Newington Green, London.[([[https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/wollstonecraft_01.shtml|bbc]])]
+===== First Book =====
+Her first book, "Thoughts on the Education of Daughters," was published in 1787.[([[https://books.google.com/books/about/Thoughts_on_the_Education_of_Daughters.html?id=hVIJAAAAQAAJ|Google Books]])]
+===== Translator =====
+Wollstonecraft worked as a translator for Joseph Johnson, a prominent radical publisher.[([[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Wollstonecraft|britannica]])]
+===== Journalist =====
+She contributed to the Analytical Review, a periodical founded by Johnson.[([[https://www.jstor.org/stable/459145|jstor]])]
+===== Feminist Pioneer =====
+Wollstonecraft is best known for her work "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman" (1792), a seminal text in feminist philosophy.[([[https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/224387.A_Vindication_of_the_Rights_of_Woman|goodreads]])]
+===== Advocacy for Women's Education =====
+In "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman," she argued strongly for the education of women.[([[https://www.britannica.com/topic/A-Vindication-of-the-Rights-of-Woman|britannica]])]
+===== Critique of Rousseau =====
+She critiqued Jean-Jacques Rousseau's views on women, particularly in his book "Emile."[([[https://jasna.org/publications-2/essay-contest-winning-entries/2016/emma-and-emile-austens-critique-of-the-rousseauist-model-of-education/|jasna]])]
+===== Political Views =====
+Wollstonecraft was a supporter of the French Revolution initially and wrote "A Vindication of the Rights of Men" (1790) in response to Edmund Burke's "Reflections on the Revolution in France."[([[https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/place_settings/mary_wollstonecraft|brooklynmuseum]])]
+===== Influence on Feminism =====
+Her works laid the foundation for modern feminist thought and advocacy.[([[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312939904_The_Roots_of_Modern_Feminism_Mary_Wollstonecraft_and_the_French_Revolution|researchgate]])]
+===== Personal Relationships =====
+Wollstonecraft had a complex personal life, including a tumultuous relationship with the American adventurer Gilbert Imlay.[([[https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/195543.The_Life_and_Death_of_Mary_Wollstonecraft|goodreads]])]
+===== Travel Writing =====
+Her book "Letters Written During a Short Residence in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark" (1796) is a travel narrative that also delves into personal and philosophical reflections.[([[https://www.amazon.com/Letters-Written-During-Residence-Denmark-ebook/dp/B081QNL78B|amazon]])]
+===== Suicide Attempts =====
+Wollstonecraft attempted suicide twice due to her troubled relationship with Imlay.[([[https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/lic3.12282|wiley]])]
+===== Marriage to William Godwin =====
+She married the political philosopher William Godwin in 1797.[([[https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095857687|oxfordreference]])]
+===== Motherhood =====
+Wollstonecraft had two daughters: Fanny Imlay with Gilbert Imlay and Mary Shelley with William Godwin.[([[https://wordsworth.org.uk/blog/2022/04/05/looking-for-fanny-imlay/|wordsworth]])]
+===== Death =====
+She died of puerperal fever on September 10, 1797, shortly after giving birth to her second daughter, Mary Shelley.[([[https://www.gale.com/intl/databases-explored/literature/mary-shelley|gale]])]
+===== Legacy through Mary Shelley =====
+Her daughter, Mary Shelley, went on to write the classic novel "Frankenstein."[([[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Wollstonecraft-Shelley|britannica]])]
+===== Burial Place =====
+Wollstonecraft is buried at St. Pancras Old Church in London.[([[https://burialsandbeyond.com/2022/07/19/hunting-for-mary-wollstonecrafts-grave/comment-page-1/|burialsandbeyond]])]
+===== Posthumous Memoir =====
+William Godwin published "Memoirs of the Author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman" in 1798, which revealed much about her personal life.[([[https://branchcollective.org/?ps_articles=ghislaine-mcdayter-on-the-publication-of-william-godwins-memoirs-of-the-author-of-a-vindication-of-the-rights-of-woman-1798|branchcollective]])]
+===== Controversial Memoir =====
+Godwin's memoir initially damaged her reputation due to its candid revelations about her personal life.[([[https://dspace.uib.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11201/157972/Sellas_Vera_Mireia.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|branchcollective]])]
+===== Cultural Impact =====
+Wollstonecraft's ideas have had a lasting impact on feminist theory and women's rights movements.[([[https://theconversation.com/mary-wollstonecraft-an-introduction-to-the-mother-of-first-wave-feminism-201046|theconversation]])]
+===== Statue in London =====
+In 2020, a statue commemorating Wollstonecraft was erected in Newington Green, London.[([[https://www.counterfire.org/article/mary-wollstonecraft-statue-is-a-poor-representation-of-her-radical-ideas/|counterfire]])]
+===== Influence on Education =====
+Her ideas influenced educational reforms that emphasized the importance of educating girls.[([[https://infed.org/mobi/mary-wollstonecraft-on-education/|infed]])]
+===== Literary Style =====
+Wollstonecraft’s writing style was direct, passionate, and unafraid to challenge societal norms.[([[https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/challenges-to-traditional-gender-norms-in-mary-wollstonecrafts-a-vindication-of-the-rights-of-women/78721700|slideshare]])]
+===== Philosophical Contributions =====
+She contributed significantly to Enlightenment thought and debates on the nature of human rights and gender equality.[([[https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/30049/650049.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=|oapen]])]
+===== Advocate for Rationality =====
+She believed that women should be treated as rational beings and capable of reason.[([[https://www.tutor2u.net/politics/reference/mary-wollstonecraft-1759-97|tutor2u]])]
+===== Friendship with Thomas Paine =====
+Wollstonecraft was friends with the influential revolutionary writer Thomas Paine.[([[https://www.123helpme.com/essay/Thomas-Paine-and-Mary-Wollstonecraft-109968|123helpme]])]
+===== Critique of Marriage =====
+She criticized the institution of marriage as it existed in her time, seeing it as oppressive to women.[([[https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/3/article/14064|muse]])]
+===== Early Feminist Network =====
+Wollstonecraft was part of an early feminist network that included other radical thinkers of her time.[([[https://www.britannica.com/topic/A-Vindication-of-the-Rights-of-Woman|britannica]])]
+===== Influence on Suffrage Movement =====
+Her writings influenced the women’s suffrage movement in the 19th and 20th centuries.[([[https://blogs.loc.gov/folklife/2020/08/symbolism-in-the-womens-suffrage-movement/|loc]])]
+===== Home Education Advocate =====
+She was an early advocate for home education and the development of children's moral and intellectual capacities.[([[https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/wollstonecraft/|stanford]])]
+===== Role in Radical Circles =====
+Wollstonecraft was active in radical political circles in London, which were hotbeds of revolutionary ideas.[([[https://www.bbc.co.uk/teach/articles/zkpk382|bbc]])]
+===== Literary Critic =====
+She wrote literary reviews and essays critiquing the works of her contemporaries.[([[https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/mary-wollstonecraft-and-political-economy/introduction/1CA8B2A1613F0AB9F5B1BE083469F554|cambridge]])]
+===== Advocate for Social Justice =====
+Wollstonecraft’s work extended beyond gender issues to broader social justice concerns.[([[https://academic.oup.com/book/43921/chapter/371064389|oup]])]
+===== Impact on Social Reformers =====
+Her ideas influenced later social reformers, including John Stuart Mill.[([[https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1084&context=constructing|digitalcommons]])]
+===== Legacy in Academia =====
+Wollstonecraft's works are studied extensively in literature, history, and gender studies programs.[([[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289835423_Mary_wollstonecraft_pedagogy_and_the_practice_of_feminism|researchgate]])]
+===== Gender Equality Visionary =====
+Her vision of gender equality was far ahead of her time, advocating for equal opportunities in education and employment.[([[https://www.bookey.app/book/a-vindication-of-the-rights-of-women|bookey]])]
+===== Historical Context =====
+She wrote during a period of great political upheaval, including the American Revolution, the French Revolution, and the early stages of the Industrial Revolution.[([[https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-hccc-worldhistory2/chapter/mary-wollstonecraft/|lumenlearning]])]
+===== Influence on Women's Literature =====
+Wollstonecraft paved the way for future generations of women writers and intellectuals.[([[https://rockfordha.org/mary-wollstonecraft-a-symbol-of-resilience-honoring-womens-empowerment/|rockfordha]])]
+===== Recognition =====
+Despite initial posthumous controversy, she is now celebrated as a pioneer in feminist thought.[([[https://studentsforliberty.org/blog/mary-wollstonecraft-libertarian-feminist-2/|studentsforliberty]])]
+===== Inspirational Figure =====
+Mary Wollstonecraft remains an inspirational figure for those advocating for gender equality and human rights today.[([[https://fee.org/articles/mary-wollstonecraft-equal-rights-for-women/|fee]])]

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