Louis Pasteur was born on December 27, 1822, in Dole, Jura, France.¹⁾

Pasteur initially studied at the Royal College in Besançon and later earned degrees in letters and mathematical sciences.²⁾

Before pursuing science, Pasteur showed interest in art and even considered becoming a painter.³⁾

He earned a doctorate in science in 1847, specializing in crystallography and optics.⁴⁾

Pasteur made significant contributions to the understanding of molecular asymmetry, a concept crucial to the field of chemistry.⁵⁾

Pasteur became the chair of chemistry at the University of Lille in 1854.⁶⁾

His investigations into fermentation processes laid the foundation for his later work in microbiology.⁷⁾

In the 1860s, Pasteur developed the process of pasteurization, a method to heat beverages to kill bacteria and prevent spoilage.⁸⁾

Pasteur successfully addressed a crisis in the French silk industry by discovering a method to prevent silkworm disease.⁹⁾

He is renowned for developing the germ theory of disease, establishing that microorganisms are responsible for many diseases.¹⁰⁾

Pasteur's groundbreaking work on vaccinations included developing vaccines for anthrax and rabies.¹¹⁾

Pasteur's rabies vaccine was a significant achievement, saving numerous lives and establishing the principles of immunization.¹²⁾

In 1888, the Pasteur Institute was established in Paris to continue research in microbiology and infectious diseases.¹³⁾

Pasteur received numerous awards during his lifetime, including the Copley Medal and the Rumford Medal.¹⁴⁾

He was elected to the French Academy of Sciences in 1862.¹⁵⁾