Philip II of Macedon was a famous king who vanquished Athens and Thebes at the Battle of Chaeronea. He aspired to build the League of Corinth, a federation of Greek states, with himself as the elected hegemon (leader). ¹⁾

Philip transformed the Macedonian army into the most lethal force of the period by developing his infantry phalanx, cavalry, siege equipment, and logistical system. Alexander received the best army of the time as a result of Philip's reforms. ²⁾